پاسخ تشریحی سوالات زبان عمومی دکتری 97 – رشته انسانی

1. ……………. in her sitting room, Charlotte looked as if she were posing for Manet.
1) While lain in repose on the seat
2) Lying in repose on the seat
3) To lie in repose on the seat
4) In repose on the seat by lying

2. One of the director’s biggest jobs, ………………… beyond acting, is that of creating a world for the characters to live in.
1) also by going
2) that also go
3) which also goes
4) who also goes

3. Each passage appears on its own page, beginning with the title, the genre or form of the passage, and the main comprehension skill ……………………. .
1) the passage addresses
2) and the passage addresses
3) addresses the passage
4) for which the passage addressed

4. Modern-day psychologists have written about the childhood of eighteenth-century writer Jonathan Swift: ……………….. a posthumous child, but his mother was geographically distant from him in his early years.
1) not only being
2) he was not only
3) although he not only was
4) not only was he

5. Since the deregulation of airlines, delays at the nation’s increasingly busy airports …………………. .
1) have increased by 25 percent
2) would have increased with 25 of percentage
3) were increasing as much as by 25 percent
4) increased by the percentage of 25

6. The Western scientific view of the body is reductionist in that it sees the body as a machine that is made up of different components, ………………… .
1) which identifies each function plays
2) with each is played the function identifies
3) of which the identified function played
4) each identified by the function it plays

7. This close connection between Polish Romanticism and Polish history became one of the defining qualities of the literature of Polish Romanticism period, differentiating it from …………….. other countries.
1) those there are in
2) that of
3) those from
4) that in the one from

8. Because of chronic financial problems, the Penniworths were finally forced to sell their spacious brownstone overlooking the park ……………………. into a small apartment on the outskirts of the city.
1) and moved
2) then moving
3) they moved
4) and move

۱. پاسخ گزینۀ ۱ است.
برای فاعل جاندار Charlotte بهتر است از اسم مصدر lying استفاده کنیم. زیرا با یک جمله واره وصفی کوتاه شده مواجهیم: Who was lying… (بخش ۴، درس ۴ کتاب Fast Grammar).

۲. پاسخ گزینۀ ٢ است.
بین دو کاما بایستی یا از بدل و یا از جمله واره وصفی استفاده شود. قبل از ربط دهنده that نمی‌توان از کاما استفاده کرد. پس، گزینه ۱ رد می‌شود. jobs غیرجاندار است؛ در نتیجه، کاربرد ربط‌دهندۀ who نادرست بوده و گزینۀ ۳ نیز رد می‌شود. پاسخ گزینۀ ٢ است که در آن which هم ربط‌دهندۀ وصفی مناسب و هم فاعل جمله‌واره بوده و goes نیز فعل آن می‌باشد (بخش ۴، درس ۴ فست گرامر).

۳. پاسخ گزینۀ ۴ است.
گزینۀ ۱ نادرست است؛ زیرا نیازی به حرف ربط and نداریم. گزینۀ ٢ نیز نادرست است؛ زیرا برای skill به فعل مجهولی نیاز داریم (بخش ۱۱). addressed فعل معلوم و نادرست است. در گزینۀ ۳ هم جابجایی فاعل the passage و فعل addresses نادرست است. پاسخ گزینۀ ۴ است (بخش ۴، درس ٣ فست گرامر).